New evidences for core processing of non-flint, lithic materials in the Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic of Poland
Keywords:
Poland, Late Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, quartz porphyry, fine crystalline sandstone, quartzite, granite
Abstract
In the Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic core processing in Poland was dominated by flint raw materials. The present paper considers the occurrence of non-flint assemblages at the sites Lubrza and Ludowice (Polish Lowland). The focus is on recognition of petrographic studies, technology, typology and use-wear of inventories from both sites. The collections contain debitage, cores and different kinds of tools. As a result the identification of granite, sandstone, quartzite, gneisses, mudstones, slates and single minerals of quartzes and feldspars was established. The use-wear analysis brought good results only in case in porphyry artefacts. The described analyses are accompanied by a review of European non-flint assemblages from Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites and discussion of the role of this type of raw material in core processing.
References
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Okuniewska-Nowaczyk, I. & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. (in press), Palynological and archaeological studies of the Late Vistulian and Early Holocene at the Lubuskie Lake District (Western Poland), Studia Quaternaria, (in press - 2014).
Olofsson, A. 2003, Pioneer settlement In the Mesolithic of Northern Sweden. Doctor of Philosophy thesis at the Department of Archaeology and Sami Studies, Umeå University, Umeå: 159 p.
Osipowicz, G. (in press), Przemysł ze skał niekrzemiennych w mezolicie ziem polskich? Z wyników badań stanowiska Ludowice 6, gm. Wąbrzeźno, Przegląd Archeologiczny, 61: (in press - 2014). (in Polish) (Industry of non flint rocks in Mesolthic Polish Lands? From the results of the study of the Ludowice 6 site, Wąbrzeźno comm.)
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Rankama, T. & Kankaanpää, J. 2011, First evidence of eastern Preboreal pioneers in arctic Finalnd and Norway, Quartär, 58: 1-27. Accessed: 04 November 2012. URL: http://www.quartaer.eu/pdfs/2011/2011_rankama.pdf
Sulgostowska, Z. 2005, Kontakty społeczności późnopaleolitycznych i mezolitycznych między Odrą, Dźwiną a Dnieprem. Studium dystrybucji wytworów ze skał krzemionkowych. Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warsaw, p. 244. (in Polish) ("Contacts between Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic communities in the area between the Odra, Dvina and Upper Dniester rivers. A study of siliceous artefacts distribution")
Svoboda, J. 2008, The Mesolithic of the Middle Danube and Upper Elbe rivers, In. Mesolithic Europe, (Bailey, G. & Spikins, P., Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: p. 221-237.
Więckowska, H. & Chmielewska, M. 2007, Materiały do badań osadnictwa mezolitycznego w mikroregionie Luta, województwo lubelskie, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warsaw, 258 p. (in Polish) (The Mesolithic Settlement in the Luta Microregion, Lublin Voivodeship. Materials)
Ballin, T. B. 2009, Quartz technology in Scottish prehistory, Scottish Archaeological Internet Report (SAIR), 26 (2008), 101 p. URL: http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/sair/contents.cfm?vol=26
Bang-Andersen, S. 1996, Coast/Inland Relations in the Mesolithic of Southern Norway, World Archaeology, 27(3) Hunter-Gatherer Land Use: 427-443. doi:10.1080/00438243.1996.9980318
Bergman, I., Påsse, T., Olofsson, A., Zackrisson, O., Hörnberg, G., Hellberg, E. & Bohlin, E. 2003, Isostatic land uplift and Mesolithic landscapes: lake-tilting, a key to the discovery of Mesolithic sites in the interior of Northern Sweden, Journal of Archaeological Science, 30: 1451–1458. doi:10.1016/S0305-4403(03)00040-2
Bjartmann Bjerc H. 2008, Norwegian Mesolithic Trends: A Review, In. Mesolithic Europe, (Bailey, G. & Spikins, P., Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: p. 60-106
Bolewski, A., Budkiewicz, M. & Wyszomirski, P. 1991, Surowce ceramiczne, Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, Warsaw, 397 p. (in Polish) ("Ceramic raw materials")
Bolus M. 1992, Die Siedlungsbefunde des späteiszeitlichen Fundplatzes Niederbieber (Stadt Neuwied), Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn, 225p. (in German) (“The settlement features of the Late Glacial site Niederbiber, Neuwied city)
Driscoll, K. &Warren, G.M. 2007, Dealing with the ‘quartz problem’ in Irish lithic, Lithics: The Journal of the Lithic Studies Society, 28: 4-14.
Gob, A. & Jacques, M.-C. 1985, A Late Mesolithic Dwelling Structure at Remouchamps, Belgium, Journal of Field Archaeology, 12(2): 163-175. doi:10.1179/009346985791169481
Hertell, E. & Tallavaara, M. 2011, High Mobility or Gift Exchange – Early Mesolithic Exotic Chipped Lithics in Southern Finland, In. Mesolithic Interfaces, Variability in Lithic Technologies in Eastern Fennoscandia, (Rankama, T., Ed.), The Archaeological Society of Finland, Saarijärvi: p. 11-41.
Holst, D. 2010, Hazelnut economy of early Holocene hunter-gatherers: a case study from Mesolithic Duvensee, northern Germany, Journal of Archaeological Science, 37: 2871-2880. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2010.06.028
Kabaciński, J. & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. 2011a, Schyłkowy paleolit i mezolit, In: . Osadnictwo pradziejowe i wczesnośredniowieczne w Lubrzy. Ratownicze badania archeologiczne Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Oddział w Poznaniu, T. III, (Kabaciński, J.& Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I., Eds.), Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Poznań: p. 21-28. (in Polish) ("Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic")
Kabaciński, J. & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. 2011b, Schyłkowy paleolit, In: Materiały do wczesnych pradziejów Zachodniej Wielkopolski. Osadnictwo pradziejowe i wczesnośredniowieczne w Lubrzy. Ratownicze badania archeologiczne Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Oddział w Poznaniu, T. III, (Kabaciński, J.& Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I., Eds.), Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Poznań: p. 195-262, (in Polish) ("Late Palaeolithic")
Kabaciński, J. & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. 2013, Osadnictwo społeczności kultury hamburskiej na Pojezierzu Lubuskim. Ratownicze Badania Archeologiczne Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN Ośrodek Studiów Pradziejowych i Średniowiecznych, T. V. Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Poznań, 197 p. (in Polish) ("Settlemnt of the Hamburgian culture societies in the Lubuskie Lake District")
Kankaanpää, J. & Rankama, T. 2011, Spatial Patterns of the Early Mesolithic Sujala Site, Utsjoki, Finnish Lapland, In. Mesolithic Interfaces, Variability in Lithic Technologies in Eastern Fennoscandia, (Rankama, T., Ed.), The Archaeological Society of Finland, Saarijärvi: p. 43-63.
Kind, C. -J. 2006, Transport of lithic raw material in the Mesolithic of southwest Germany, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 25: 213–225. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2005.11.009
Kinkunen, K., Tynni, R., Hokkanen, K &Taavitsainen, J. P. 1985, Flint raw materials of prehistoric Finland: rock types, surface texture and microfosils. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin Vol. 334, Geologian tutkimuskeskus, Espoo, 102 p. Accessed: 09 September 2013. URL: http://arkisto.gtk.fi/bul/bt_334.pdf
Kriiska, A. & Lõugas, L. 1999, Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic seasonal settlement AT Köpu, Hiiuma Island, Estonia, In: Environmental and Cultural History of the Eastern Baltic region, (Miller, U., Ed.), PACT Vol. 57, Rixensart, Strasbourg: p. 157-172.
Larsson, L. 1990, The Mesolithic of Southern Scandinavia, Journal of World Prehistory, 4(3): 257-309. doi:10.1007/BF00974882
Nowakowski, A. 1976, Surowce wulkaniczne Wieliszewa, In: SKAM 71, Zbiór rozpraw prahistorycznych, (Krukowski, S.W. & Nowakowski, A., Eds.), Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich ,Warsaw: p. 67-75. (in Polish) (Volcanic raw materials of Wieliszew)
Manninen, M. A. & Knutsson, K. 2011, Northern Inland Oblique Point Sites – a New Look into the Late Mesolithic Oblique Point Traditionin Eastern Fennoscandia, In: Mesolithic Interfaces, Variability in Lithic Technologies in Eastern Fennoscandia, (Rankama, T. Ed.), The Archaeological Society of Finland, Saarijärvi: p. 143-175.
Manninen, M. A. & Tallavaara, M. 2011, Descent History of Mesolithic Oblique Points in Eastern Fennoscandia – a Technological Comparison Between Two Artefact Populations, In: Mesolithic Interfaces, Variability in Lithic Technologies in Eastern Fennoscandia, (Rankama, T. Ed.), The Archaeological Society of Finland, Saarijärvi: p. 177-211.
Mosin, V.S. & Nikolsky, V.Y. 2010, Siliceous rock of the southern Urals: Distribution and Osage in the Stone, Archaeology Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 38(1): 2-9. doi:10.1016/j.aeae.2010.05.001
Mrozek-Wysocka, M. 2013, Analiza petrograficzna i chemiczna przedmiotów ze stanowiska Lubrza 10 (nr inw. L/10/133; l/10/179; l/10/184, Poznań, 9 p. (manuscript) (in Polish) ("Petrographic and chemical analysis of artefacts from site 10 in Lubrza")
Okuniewska-Nowaczyk, I. & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. (in press), Palynological and archaeological studies of the Late Vistulian and Early Holocene at the Lubuskie Lake District (Western Poland), Studia Quaternaria, (in press - 2014).
Olofsson, A. 2003, Pioneer settlement In the Mesolithic of Northern Sweden. Doctor of Philosophy thesis at the Department of Archaeology and Sami Studies, Umeå University, Umeå: 159 p.
Osipowicz, G. (in press), Przemysł ze skał niekrzemiennych w mezolicie ziem polskich? Z wyników badań stanowiska Ludowice 6, gm. Wąbrzeźno, Przegląd Archeologiczny, 61: (in press - 2014). (in Polish) (Industry of non flint rocks in Mesolthic Polish Lands? From the results of the study of the Ludowice 6 site, Wąbrzeźno comm.)
Pallarés, M. & Mora, R. 1995, Organization strategies of hunter-gatherer communities in the 9th millenium BP along the eastern Pyrenees, In: L'Europe des derniers chasseurs: Épipaléolithique et Mésolithique, 5e Collogue international UISPP, Grenoble, 18-23 septembre 1995, (Thévenin, A., Bintz, P., Ed.), Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques - CTHS, Paris: p. 66-71.
Pelegrin, J. 2000, Les technique de débitage laminaire au Tardiglaciaire critéres de diagnose et quelques reflexions, In: L’Europe centrale et septentrionale au Tardiglaciaire. Actes de la Table-ronde internationale de Nemours, 13-16 mai 1997, (Bodu, P., Christensen, M. & Valentin, B., Eds.), Nemour (Mémoires du Musée de Préhistoire d’Ile-de-France Vol. 7), Musée de Préhistoire d’Ile-de-France, Nemours, p. 76-86, (in French) (“Criteria of diagnosis and some reflections on the technique of knapping in the Late Glacial")
Price, T. D. 1991, The Mesolithic of Northern Europe, Annual Review of Anthropology, 20: 211-233. doi:0084-6570/91/1015-0211$02.00
Přichystal, A. 2002, Zdroje kamenných surovin, In: Paleolit Moravy a Slezka, (Svoboda, J., Czudek, T., Havliček, P., Ložek, V., Macoun, J., Přichystal, A., Svobodová, H. & Vlček, E., Eds.), Archeologicý ústav AV ČR, Brno: p. 67-76. (in Czech) ("The Palaeolithic of Moravian and Silesia")
Rankama, T. & Kankaanpää, J. 2011, First evidence of eastern Preboreal pioneers in arctic Finalnd and Norway, Quartär, 58: 1-27. Accessed: 04 November 2012. URL: http://www.quartaer.eu/pdfs/2011/2011_rankama.pdf
Sulgostowska, Z. 2005, Kontakty społeczności późnopaleolitycznych i mezolitycznych między Odrą, Dźwiną a Dnieprem. Studium dystrybucji wytworów ze skał krzemionkowych. Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warsaw, p. 244. (in Polish) ("Contacts between Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic communities in the area between the Odra, Dvina and Upper Dniester rivers. A study of siliceous artefacts distribution")
Svoboda, J. 2008, The Mesolithic of the Middle Danube and Upper Elbe rivers, In. Mesolithic Europe, (Bailey, G. & Spikins, P., Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: p. 221-237.
Więckowska, H. & Chmielewska, M. 2007, Materiały do badań osadnictwa mezolitycznego w mikroregionie Luta, województwo lubelskie, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warsaw, 258 p. (in Polish) (The Mesolithic Settlement in the Luta Microregion, Lublin Voivodeship. Materials)
Published
15-Mar-2014
How to Cite
Osipowicz, G., & Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I. (2014). New evidences for core processing of non-flint, lithic materials in the Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic of Poland. Journal of Lithic Studies, 1(1), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.2218/jls.v1i1.774
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