SLC36 family of proton-coupled amino acid transporters in GtoPdb v.2025.3

Abstract

Members of the SLC36 family of proton-coupled amino acid transporters are involved in membrane transport of amino acids and derivatives [31, 32]. The four transporters show variable tissue expression patterns and are expressed in various cell types at the plasma-membrane and in intracellular organelles. PAT1 is expressed at the luminal surface of the small intestine and absorbs amino acids and derivatives [4]. In lysosomes, PAT1 functions as an efflux mechanism for amino acids produced during intralysosomal proteolysis [2, 28]. PAT2 is expressed at the apical membrane of the renal proximal tubule [7] and at the plasma-membrane in brown/beige adipocytes [33]. PAT1 and PAT4 are involved in regulation of the mTORC1 pathway [12, 30]. More comprehensive lists of substrates can be found within the reviews under Further Reading and in the references [3].