Free fatty acid receptors in GtoPdb v.2025.3

Abstract

Free fatty acid receptors (FFA, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on free fatty acid receptors [118, 27]) are activated by free fatty acids. Long-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (including C14.0 (myristic acid), C16:0 (palmitic acid), C18:1 (oleic acid), C18:2 (linoleic acid), C18:3, (α-linolenic acid), C20:4 (arachidonic acid), C20:5,n-3 (EPA) and C22:6,n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid)) activate FFA1 [9, 54, 65] and FFA4 receptors [45, 52, 96], while short chain fatty acids (C2 (acetic acid), C3 (propanoic acid), C4 (butyric acid) and C5 (pentanoic acid)) activate FFA2 [10, 67, 92] and FFA3 [10, 67] receptors. The crystal structure for agonist bound FFA1 has been described [115].