IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE
https://doi.org/10.2218/gtopdb/F279/2019.4
Hydrogen sulphide synthesis (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Timothy R. Billiar1,
Giuseppe Cirino2,
David Fulton3,
Roberto Motterlini4,
Andreas Papapetropoulos5 and
Csaba Szabo6
- University of Pittsburgh, USA
- University of Naples-Federico II, Italy
- Georgia Regents University, USA
- University of Paris Est Creteil, France
- University of Athens, Greece
- University of Texas, USA
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is a gasotransmitter, with similarities to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Although the enzymes indicated below have multiple enzymatic activities, the focus here is the generation of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and the enzymatic characteristics are described accordingly. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) are pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST) functions to generate H2S; only CAT is PLP-dependent, while 3-MPST is not. Thus, this third pathway is sometimes referred to as PLP-independent. CBS and CSE are predominantly cytosolic enzymes, while 3-MPST is found both in the cytosol and the mitochondria. For an authoritative review on the pharmacological modulation of H2S levels, see Szabo and Papapetropoulos, 2017 [4].
Contents
This is a citation summary for Hydrogen sulphide synthesis in the
Guide to Pharmacology
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Database links
Hydrogen sulphide synthesis
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=279
Enzymes
CBS(Cystathionine β-synthase)
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=1443
CSE(Cystathionine γ-lyase)
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=1444
CAT(L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase)
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=1445
MPST(3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase)
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=1446
References
- Asimakopoulou A, Panopoulos P, Chasapis CT, Coletta C, Zhou Z, Cirino G, Giannis A, Szabo C, Spyroulias GA and Papapetropoulos A. (2013) Selectivity of commonly used pharmacological inhibitors for cystathionine β synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ lyase (CSE). Br. J. Pharmacol. 169: 922-32 [PMID:23488457]
- Chen X, Jhee KH and Kruger WD. (2004) Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 52082-6 [PMID:15520012]
- Nagahara N, Okazaki T and Nishino T. (1995) Cytosolic mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase is evolutionarily related to mitochondrial rhodanese. Striking similarity in active site amino acid sequence and the increase in the mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase activity of rhodanese by site-directed mutagenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 16230-5 [PMID:7608189]
- Szabo C and Papapetropoulos A. (2017) International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CII: Pharmacological Modulation of H2S Levels: H2S Donors and H2S Biosynthesis Inhibitors. Pharmacol. Rev. 69: 497-564 [PMID:28978633]
- Tuttle JB, Anderson M, Bechle BM, Campbell BM, Chang C, Dounay AB, Evrard E, Fonseca KR, Gan X and Ghosh S et al.. (2013) Structure-Based Design of Irreversible Human KAT II Inhibitors: Discovery of New Potency-Enhancing Interactions. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2: 37-40