IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE
https://doi.org/10.2218/gtopdb/F135/2019.4

Lysophospholipid (S1P) receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database



Victoria Blaho1, Jerold Chun1, Deepa Jonnalagadda1, Yasuyuki Kihara1, Hirotaka Mizuno1, Chido Mpamhanga2, Sarah Spiegel3 and Valerie Tan1
  1. Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, USA
  2. LifeArc, UK
  3. Virginia Commonwealth University, USA


Abstract

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Lysophospholipid receptors [70]) are activated by the endogenous lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Originally cloned as orphan members of the endothelial differentiation gene (edg) family, current gene names have been designated as S1P1R through S1P5R [52]. S1PRs, particularly S1P1, are expressed throughout all mammalian organ systems. Ligand delivery occurs via two known carriers (or "chaperones"): albumin and HDL-bound apolipoprotein M (ApoM), the latter of which elicits biased agonist signaling by S1P1 in multiple cell types [15, 39]. The five S1PRs, two chaperones, and active cellular metabolism have complicated analyses of receptor ligand binding in native systems. Signaling pathways and physiological roles have been characterized through radioligand binding in heterologous expression systems, targeted deletion of the different S1PRs, and most recently, mouse models that report in vivo S1P1R activation [74, 76]. A crystal structure of an S1P1-T4 fusion protein confirmed aspects of ligand binding, specificity, and receptor activation determined previously through biochemical and genetic studies [48, 14]. fingolimod (FTY720), the first drug to target any of the lysophospholipid receptors, binds to four of the five S1PRs, and was the first oral therapy for multiple sclerosis [26]. The mechanisms of action of fingolimod and other S1PR modulating drugs in development include binding S1PRs in multiple organ systems, e.g., immune and nervous systems, although the precise nature of their receptor interactions requires clarification [107, 28, 43, 44].

Contents

This is a citation summary for Lysophospholipid (S1P) receptors in the Guide to Pharmacology database (GtoPdb). It exists purely as an adjunct to the database to facilitate the recognition of citations to and from the database by citation analyzers. Readers will almost certainly want to visit the relevant sections of the database which are given here under database links.

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Please note that the database version for the citations given in GtoPdb are to the most recent preceding version in which the family or its subfamilies and targets were substantially changed. The links below are to the current version. If you need to consult the cited version, rather than the most recent version, please contact the GtoPdb curators.

Database links

Lysophospholipid (S1P) receptors
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=135
Introduction to Lysophospholipid (S1P) receptors
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyIntroductionForward?familyId=135
    Receptors
            S1P1 receptor
            http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=275
            S1P2 receptor
            http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=276
            S1P3 receptor
            http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=277
            S1P4 receptor
            http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=278
            S1P5 receptor
            http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=279

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